Assessment of Water Quality of the Gomti River in Sultanpur District during the Post-Monsoon Season
Ashish Kumar
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Pankaj Singh
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Kumar Anshuman
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Kedar Nath Rai
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Sarita Devi Gupta
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Vishal Verma *
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Yograj Yadav
Department of Soil Science, Kamla Nehru Institute of Physical and Social Sciences, Sultanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study characterises reported physicochemical water-quality measurements at five Gomti River locations in Sultanpur District, Uttar Pradesh, during a post-monsoon sampling period. At Kudwar, Gola, Dhobi, Papar and Dhopap Ghats, pH ranged from 8.39 to 8.78, electrical conductivity from 537.4 to 575.4 µS/cm, total dissolved solids from 263.2 to 278.0 mg/L, hardness from 354 to 380 mg/L and alkalinity from 303 to 330 mg/L. Dissolved oxygen ranged from 10.16 to 12.40 mg/L, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) from 6.88 to 8.48 mg/L, and chemical oxygen demand from 43.2 to 62.4 mg/L. All five BOD₅ values exceeded the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Class B criterion of 3 mg/L; pH exceeded 8.5 at two stations. Phosphate ranged from 1.91 to 14.51 mg/L, but its analytical reporting basis is not sufficiently documented for quantitative interpretation alongside phosphorus. The observations support a preliminary site-level description, not assignment of drinking-water suitability, long-term bathing-water classification or pollution-source attribution. Interpretation is constrained by unavailable sampling dates and replication information and unresolved quality-control questions concerning dissolved oxygen, free carbon dioxide and phosphorus reporting.
Keywords: Gomti River, Sultanpur, physicochemical parameters, post-monsoon, biochemical oxygen demand, river-water monitoring, Kedar Nath Rai